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متن درس سوم چتر

Umbrellas

 

The umbrellas is an old idea. It has not changed much over time. Old sculpture (art made whit clay) from the Middle East, shows the king with an umbrella. The sculpture is over 1,000 years old. At that time, common people did not have umbrellas. Only royalty had them.

More than 2000 years ago fashionable women carried umbrellas in ancient Greece. In China only royalty used umbrellas. In old Chinese books, there are illustrations of umbrellas. These pictures were made with paint, blood, and special drawing tools. The umbrellas in old Chinese books look a lot like today's umbrellas.

There is not much information about umbrellas in Europe in the Middle Ages. People probably used their coats to protect themselves from the rain. People in the South Pacific used umbrellas made of palm leaves to protect themselves from the sun and rain.

There have been many improvements to umbrellas. Now, modern umbrellas are better than the old umbrellas. The old umbrellas were often made of oiled silk. Modern umbrellas are made of cotton or plastic. Old umbrellas had ribbing made of wood. Modern umbrellas have steel ribs. Also, the trunk of the modern umbrella extends like a telescope. It can collapse and become shorter or extend and become longer.

 

Questions:

1- Fashionable women had umbrellas in …                    D) ancient Greece

 

2- In ancient China …                                                         D) Both A and C are correct

 

3- In Europe in the Middle Ages …                      A) people used their coats to keep dry

 

4- People in the South Pacific used…                              A) umbrellas made of palm leaves

 

5- Old umbrellas were often made with …                      D) oiled silk

 

Vocabulary

1- Sculpture is …                                                                 B) art made with clay

 

2- Royalty is …                                                                    B) kings and queens

 

3- Another word for illustrations is …                             C) pictures

 

4- What is an improvement?                                  A) A way of making something better

 

5- The best synonym for modern is …                             C) new